The Is The Science Lying Behind - 2183 Words

Endorsement is used everywhere from the recognition of a product to the recognition of a person. Inseparable with endorsement is the science lying behind. For decades, science has been the unbiased criteria of being. In a way, science has grown into such a fetish that we hardly remember the human’s role in creating it. However, conducted and interpreted by socially biased human beings, science, far from liberating people from dominance and hierarchy through â€Å"value-free truth,† reinforces the current power structure and legitimates domination of both nature and people. On one hand, science is used as a social control by the people in power; on the other hand, every individual is subject to the society, affected by and contributing to†¦show more content†¦What’s more, because of the separation of nature and society by modern people (Latour), science has been used as tools of control without the general public realizing it. As Haraway puts it, â€Å"w e have allowed the theory of the body politic to be split in such a way that natural knowledge is reincorporated covertly into techniques of social control instead of being transformed into sciences of liberation (Haraway).† We idealize science and the people in power can utilize it to control. Secondly, even if scientists intend to be neutral when conducting science, the society constrains science from being â€Å"value-free†. Power, as we talk about it, usually takes the form of the law through which domination is exerted by one group over another (Foucault). However, Foucault constructed an analytics of power â€Å"that no longer takes law as a model a code;† rather, power is everywhere and involves every person. As is described in his book The History of Sexuality, â€Å"the omnipresence of power: not because it has the privilege of consolidating everything under its invincible unity, but because it is produced from one moment to the next, at every point, or rather in every relation from one point to another (Foucault).† In this case, domination is no longer constant but a dynamic interaction between people and events. Every person possesses preexisting ideas of domination in our society, and reinforces domination through interactions. Science, consisting of

Economic and Social Effects of Prohibition Essay example

Economic and Social Effects of Prohibition There are many ways in which prohibition of alcohol consumption in the United States of America, damaged the very economic and social aspects of American culture, that it was designed to heal. â€Å"Prohibition did not achieve its goals. Instead, it added to the problems it was intended to solve.† On 16th January 1920, one of the most common personal habits and customs of American society came to a halt. The eighteenth amendment was implemented, making all importing, exporting, transporting, selling and manufacturing of intoxicating liquors absolutely prohibited. This law was created in the hope of achieving the reduction of alcohol consumption, which in turn would reduce: crime, poverty,†¦show more content†¦As a result of this new law, a new social problem arose. â€Å"Seldom has law been more flagrantly violated. Not only did Americans continue to manufacture, barter, and possess alcohol; they drank more of it.† Americans who supported prohibition, argued that if drinking alcohol was illegal, the public would recognize and respect the law, and in turn, would give it up. During the start of prohibition, it appeared as though it was working. But, wh at was really going on, was that since the transportation and production was not allowed, bootleggers had to find ways to do it without being caught. The price of beer rose, because it had to be transported in large barrels, which was more difficult. As a result, people started drinking more potent hard liquor. It took less to get drunk, therefore it was easier to transport, thus, it was cheaper. Americans would drink this potent liquor and get drunk a lot faster, for less money. As a downfall, however, the liquor had no standards. The rate of alcohol related deaths due to poisoning drastically increased from 1,064 in 1920, to 4,154 in 1925. One of the biggest outcomes of prohibition was the development of organized crime. Because liquor was no longer legally available, the public turned to gangsters who took on the bootlegging industry and supplied them with liquor. Because the industry was so immensely profitable, more gangs participated. As a result of the money involved in the bootlegging industry, there was muchShow MoreRelatedThe Negative Effects Of Prohibition1048 Words   |  5 Pagesan institution that could also regulate morals. Though created with good intentions, Prohibition rather had an adverse effect and led to both economic and moral disaster. Due to governmental expansion and growth into spheres not intended in its original design, government harmed America socially and economically, and expanded the facets into which government could have power. Prohibition was enforced for economic reasons in 1917 by Woodrow Wilson as a method to save grain as America entered into WorldRead MoreThe Balloon Effect : A Metaphor That Compares Traditional Drug Prohibition1567 Words   |  7 Pages2 The balloon effect is a metaphor that compares traditional drug prohibition, interdiction, and eradication tactics as the equivalent of trying to squash a balloon without adequate force. Rather than succumb to the weight of the effort, the balloon will simply squash into other directions outside of the location where direct force is being applied. The fact that the drug market in the United States remains robust regardless of various domestic and international drug prohibition, interdiction, andRead MoreLegalization of Drugs Essay1305 Words   |  6 Pagesabout the economic viability of prohibiting certain kind of drugs considered illicit. Many social costs to society are attributable to illicit drugs, along with tobacco, alcohol, and guns. In fact, each of these vices is allegedly responsible for $200 billion annual expenditure in social costs of the USA (Donohue, 2010). Interestingly, all these commodities mentioned above have common characteristics: a sizeable proportion of cons umers responsibly use each of them hence virtually zero social externality;Read MoreAmeric The Rise Of Organized Crime873 Words   |  4 Pagesof organized crime today but where did they arise from? The rise and growth of organized crime in America can be attributed to government intervention in the social lives of the people, the Great Depression, and the jurisdictional limitations set on the authorities at local, state, and federal levels. Government intervention into the social aspects of citizen’s lives ultimately set the stage for organized crime. Mandating certain activities and products as illegal may stop supply, but does not affectRead MoreAn Example Of How Society Changed Change1198 Words   |  5 PagesBrianna Perrotta Crim 220-001 Instructor John Murphy Prompt: Discuss an example of how society was changed due to a change in law: Prohibition. The law is changing everyday for many reasons; these reasons may include Alcohol, Drugs, New ideas, Advancements, Government, Economics, Religion, Education, Family life, Recreation, and New technologies. Crime is the reason America has had to create rules to keep order to our society. These rules are followed my most citizens and those that chose toRead MoreIs the Prohibition of Drugs Useful or Not? Essay1729 Words   |  7 Pagesthe twentieth century, people in many countries become aware of drug prohibition. In fact, every country in the world has a form of drugs prohibition. However, national drug prohibition started in 1920s in the United States as a subgroup of national alcohol prohibition. In 1930 the congress of United States separated drugs from the alcohol prohibition law and created a new federal drug prohibition agency (Levine, 2002). Prohibition may be defined as the set of policies which ban all production, distributionRead MoreLegalizing Marijuana Speech Essay1350 Words   |  6 PagesProblem Outline: Weed Country Thesis: There is a significant amount of attention in today’s world on weather or not to legalize marijuana. The prohibition of marijuana is holding up the improvement of social and economic developments. Introduction I. [Attention-Getter] Would you want the government limiting how much coffee you can drink or how much cheesecake you’re allowed to eat? According to Dr. Paul Phinney, president-elect of the California medical association has found these types ofRead More Prohibiton Was a Failure Essay1517 Words   |  7 Pages Prohibition Was a Failure   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Alcohol is illegal! â€Å"The reign of tears is over. The slums will soon be a memory. We will turn our prisons into factories and our jails into storehouses and corncribs. Men will walk upright now; women will smile and children will laugh. Hell will be forever rent† (Thorton 9). The Eighteenth Amendment of the Constitution went into effect on January 16, 1920, with three-fourths vote from congress (Boorstin 994). The National Prohibition of Alcohol was adopted toRead MoreCauses and Consequences of Alcohol Prohibition1399 Words   |  6 PagesProhibition and other substance bans have a long history in the United States dating back to the late 19th century. Cohen (2006) believed the root cause for drug-prohibition movement, including alcohol, derives from race. In the era of mass US immigration, Chinese, Mexicans, Black Africans, and European denominations, posed a democratic threat to White â€Å"native† Americans. White Racial fears amplified the moral problem of drug use to the Protestant Church by associating drugs with individual racialRead MoreThe Success of Franklin D. Roosevelts New Deal718 Words   |  3 PagesDeal was characterized by liberal use of government resources to provide relief, recovery, and reform to a nation that had been reeling from the aftermath of the Great Depression. While the immediate success of Roosevelt’s New Deal in mitigating the effects of the Great Depression is debatable, it’s long lasting impact on American government is still felt today. One of the earliest major programs of the New Deal was the Glass-Steagall Banking Reform Act, which created the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation

Night Creature Hunter’s Moon Chapter 27 Free Essays

string(37) " new advances in medicine every day\." A sudden thought made me stiffen and push away from Damien’s embrace. Anything just might be possible much sooner than I’d thought. â€Å"You didn’t use a condom,† I said. We will write a custom essay sample on Night Creature: Hunter’s Moon Chapter 27 or any similar topic only for you Order Now He didn’t so much as blink. He didn’t curse or cry or run or exhibit any of the other typically male reactions to such a statement. â€Å"I know.† â€Å"You†¦ know?† I sat up. â€Å"What the hell is that supposed to mean? You could have gotten me pregnant, stud boy.† â€Å"No.† He sighed. â€Å"I couldn’t. I mean I can’t. I won’t.† Now he cursed, then ran his fingers through his hair and got out of bed. â€Å"I’m sorry. This probably isn’t the best time to tell you, but I can’t get you pregnant.† â€Å"Why not?† â€Å"They tell me it’s medically impossible.† I wanted to ask, Who told you? When? Have you seen a specialist? What exactly is the problem? But the way he held his shoulders, as if he expected questions and didn’t want to answer them, made me hesi-tate. I didn’t like to talk about the scars on my back. Maybe Damien didn’t care to discuss the scars within himself. I could respect that. â€Å"Well, there goes my white picket fence dream,† I quipped. It had been a stupid dream anyway. Damien’s eyes narrowed; his head tilted. He was too damned perceptive. Before he could question me, I blurted, â€Å"Why did you use a condom in the first place?† â€Å"Pregnancy isn’t the only concern.† Well, duh. Now I cursed. â€Å"You don’t have to worry about me,† he said quickly. â€Å"I’m clean. I swear.† â€Å"Me, too,† I whispered. Silence settled between us. Clinical conversations appeared to be a great mood killer. Fancy that. â€Å"Leigh?† â€Å"Mmm?† â€Å"I love you.† I could only stare at him for several ticks of the clock. â€Å"You†¦ you can’t love me. You just met me.† He smiled sadly. â€Å"I’ve been waiting my whole life for you.† â€Å"That’s nuts.† â€Å"I know.† â€Å"You’re blinded by great sex.† â€Å"No, Leigh, I’m blinded by you.† I didn’t know what to say, so I said nothing at all. Damien sat down on the bed and ran a palm over the shorn ends of my hair. â€Å"I always knew that when I met the woman for me, I’d look at her once and think, ‘Here she is.’ I was right.† â€Å"You know nothing about me.† â€Å"You’re wrong. I know you’re brave and strong, loyal.† â€Å"You make me sound like a Labrador retriever.† He ignored my mutterings. â€Å"You’re sexy and sweet, caring. Beautiful, and a little bit sad. I wish you’d trust me with what makes you sigh when you think no one’s listening.† Did I do that? Probably. I wished I could trust him, too. But if I told him my secrets, I’d have to kill him. Ha-ha. â€Å"You’ve got secrets of your own, Damien.† â€Å"Yeah, I do.† â€Å"Are you going to trust me with them?† â€Å"I can’t.† We were in the same boat. Figures. I took his hand. Ran my thumb over his silver ring, remembered what Jessie had said about the power eater. How could I ask him if he was a werewolf? It wasn’t like asking him if he was married, divorced, or currently single. He didn’t feel like a werewolf. I know that sounds odd. But werewolves have evil hearts. They don’t start out that way, of course. They start out like you and me. When they’re bitten, the virus changes them, both physically and mentally. Sure they seem like people, but inside there’s a demon panting to get out. I’d researched this, countless times during long nights when I shouldn’t sleep. Demons lived – everywhere. How could Damien love me if his heart was full of hate? He couldn’t. But I’d recognized love in his eyes. I’d seen the expression once before. An expression I’d never thought to see again. I wished I could tell him I loved him, too, but I couldn’t. Not until my old life was dead. He put his fingers over my lips, shook his head. â€Å"How about that shower?† he asked. My mouth curved. I kissed his hand, then took it in my own and led him to the water. I left Damien asleep on the bed. We’d made love in the shower. He had scratches on both his shoulders and an imprint of my teeth on his neck. I guess I couldn’t sneer at Jessie and Will anymore. I managed to make it to my apartment and change out of my dirty clothes before Will pulled up in a Jeep. I squeezed into the backseat. â€Å"Not taking the official Crow Valley cruiser?† I asked. Will shook his head. â€Å"Cora wouldn’t appreciate a cop car in front of her place. All the neighbors would wonder what she did this time.† This time? I looked forward to meeting Cora Kopway more with every passing moment. â€Å"So what were you up to while we were gone?† Jessie asked. â€Å"Sleeping.† She glanced over her shoulder, winked. â€Å"Us, too.† I couldn’t help but smile. It had been a long, long time since I’d had a girlfriend. Jessie and I would probably never have met or become close in my other life. That would have been a big loss. I liked her more than I would ever say. â€Å"How’s the shoulder?† I asked. â€Å"I’ll live.† â€Å"Sore?† â€Å"Yeah. But at least it’s not my gun hand.† Trust Jessie to worry about the important things in life. She turned so her back was to the window, wincing a bit at the movement. â€Å"I talked to Elwood.† Uh-oh. â€Å"He checked with all his cronies. Talked to the gas sta-tion attendants, real estate agents, anyone who might have noticed a new guy in town. No one’s seen Hector.† I frowned. That was weird. â€Å"Which doesn’t mean you’re crazy,† Jessie hastened to assure me. â€Å"It just means he’s keeping a low profile.† For the first time in a long time I didn’t feel crazy. I felt†¦ good. I kept thinking: What if? What if I killed Hector? What if Damien really loved me? What if I loved him? He couldn’t give me children. Or so he said. But there were new advances in medicine every day. You read "Night Creature: Hunter’s Moon Chapter 27" in category "Essay examples" What if he could be cured? Then everything I’d ever wanted could come true. â€Å"Leigh?† I focused on Jessie. She appeared concerned. â€Å"You wanna stay with me here?† â€Å"I’m sorry. Did you say something?† She rolled her eyes. â€Å"Get your head out of the bedroom and listen. Even if the white wolf isn’t Hector, we still have to find and kill it.† â€Å"I’m in complete agreement.† â€Å"And if it isn’t him, we’ll just keep hunting until we find the right white wolf. Wherever it is, however long we have to search.† â€Å"OK.† She faced the front, shaking her head. â€Å"And she says I’m gaga.† Her words would have made me angry once. Now I just wanted to laugh. We reached Cora’s house. The tiny log cabin set between towering evergreens made me think of Hansel and Gretel. I hoped she wasn’t a witch. The door opened before we even knocked. Cora Kop-way looked like no witch I’d ever known. As if I’d known any. She was tall, willowy, with long, flowing black hair that held only a trace of silver. Her face possessed a beauty that defied age. She’d seen many things – some good, some bad, some in between – and all of them had marked her. She wore a blindingly white T-shirt, tucked into a long colorful skirt. Each finger sported a ring. Silver sparkled around two of her toes. Three earrings hung from one ear, two from the other, and bracelets jangled about her slim wrists. She didn’t smile, just stared at us with solemn, dark eyes. Then she turned and disappeared into her home, leaving the door open behind her. â€Å"I thought she was old,† Jessie whispered. â€Å"She is,† Will whispered back. â€Å"My people age well, unlike yours.† Jessie kicked him in the ankle, then followed him inside. The cabin was a museum. Indian art graced the walls, stocked the shelves and the tables. I was unfamiliar with the artists, but most of the paintings and the sculptures were of animals – bear, moose, birds, coyotes, and, of course, wolves. On one shelf I caught a glimpse of a kachina doll, which I knew wasn’t Ojibwe. I assumed Cora’s collection represented all the North American tribes. I’d love to go through everything, but we didn’t have the time. Candles burned here and there. Something smoldered in a pottery bowl. The room smelled of fresh-cut grass and, at the same time, new snow on a crisp winter night. How could that be? She motioned for us to take seats on furniture that re-fleeted the colors of the earth and the sky at sunset. Mahogany, sand, azure, burnt orange – the room both eased and energized. Cora sat in a straight-backed chair on the opposite side of an oak coffee table, its only adornment a smoking salmon-shaded bowl. Now that I was closer I observed a tiny flame in the center with what appeared to be grass all around it. A definite fire hazard. She continued to peer at us with that same solemn expression. I had a feeling she could see into my head and discern my thoughts. I tried like hell to make them pure. But the more I tried, the more impure they became. What did I expect after the way I’d spent my afternoon? â€Å"I hear you know all about woo-woo?† Jessie blurted. Will’s sigh was long-suffering. â€Å"Jess,† he admonished. â€Å"Don’t speak until spoken to.† She stared down her nose at him. â€Å"You have got to be kidding me.† He narrowed his eyes. Amazingly, she sat back on the couch, crossed her arms over her chest, placed one knee over the other, and shut up. â€Å"I’m sorry, n’okomiss. She doesn’t understand.† Cora acknowledged the apology with an infinitesimal nod. Her earrings swayed and tangled in her long black hair. The room became silent again. â€Å"You have been marked,† she murmured, turning her gaze on me. I started and my scar began to ache. It had been blissfully silent since morning. â€Å"Marked by the demon. You are his. He has come for you.† Jessie cast me a quick, worried glance. I couldn’t do anything but peer into Cora’s eyes. How could she know? â€Å"You never said she was a psychic, Slick.† â€Å"I am what I am,† Cora intoned, still staring at me. â€Å"You would do well to listen.† â€Å"I’d be happy to,† Jessie said, â€Å"if you told us anything fresh and new. She’s marked by the demon; he’s coming. We got that already.† â€Å"William, your woman needs to learn silence.† â€Å"Good luck,† he muttered. Cora reached into the pocket of her skirt, then made a flicking motion toward the bowl at the center of the table. The flame shot nearly to the ceiling. Jessie started coughing. When she finished, she opened her mouth, but no sound came out. â€Å"Uh-oh,† Will said. Cora just smiled. Jessie grabbed at her own throat, shook her head, pantomimed, badly. â€Å"Your voice will be returned when you leave my house. Until then, be still or I will make you.† Jessie froze, then sat back on the couch and took Will’s hand. His fingers tightened on hers. â€Å"What is it you wish to know?† Cora asked. â€Å"Have you heard the Legend of the Power Eater?† â€Å"Of course. The Weendigo that becomes so much more.† â€Å"What else?† She shrugged. â€Å"The power eater craves power. He can never have enough. He is the ultimate shape-shifter.† â€Å"What, exactly, does that mean?† I asked. â€Å"The more power the Weendigo eats, the greater his abilities. He can shift to any form, any time, any where.† â€Å"That is so not good,† I muttered. Will motioned me to silence. â€Å"You mean the power eater can become something other than a wolf?† â€Å"Of course.† â€Å"In the daytime?† â€Å"Most certainly.† Jessie, Will, and I exchanged glances. That explained how I’d seen the white wolf in the daylight. A thought occurred to me. â€Å"Could a power eater change the color of his fur?† Cora tilted her head and considered. â€Å"I have not heard of this, but I don’t see why he could not.† In other words, our two killer wolves could really be one. â€Å"Can you explain, n’okomiss, how the man becomes the beast?† â€Å"He is cursed by the great mystery.† â€Å"Is there any other way?† â€Å"Possibly.† She stood and moved – or rather flowed; her gait was too smooth to be called mere movement – to the bookcase, where she removed a huge tome. Will leaped to his feet and hurried over, taking the book from her hands and carrying it to the table. No title graced the cover, which appeared to be real leather. When she opened to the middle, the pages crackled with age. â€Å"If a man wished to become a Weendigo he would eat the flesh of his enemy.† I frowned. Petite blond women were Hector’s enemy? Suddenly it hit me. His mother. She had been blond; she had left him. He had never forgiven her. â€Å"Then what?† I asked, my voice hoarse. â€Å"Then he would call on the powers of darkness to transform him into a beast.† â€Å"How do you call the powers of darkness?† â€Å"There are many ways, but the most common is the five-pointed star.† I sat up straighten â€Å"A pentagram?† â€Å"Yes.† Jessie glanced at me with wide eyes. â€Å"What about a pentagram?† â€Å"The one who wishes to become would draw the star on his body. Somewhere vital.† As if by magic I saw Hector’s chest, the black shiny pentagram stark over his heart. â€Å"And then?† I whispered. â€Å"Then he calls on the evil ones to make him Weendigo.† â€Å"The Evil Ones?† Will broke in. â€Å"Matchi-auwishuk?† â€Å"Perhaps. There are many evil ones in this world and the next.† â€Å"And the evil ones,† I pressed. â€Å"They would make him Weendigo? Just like that?† â€Å"If he offered them a sacrifice.† â€Å"What kind of sacrifice?† I asked, but I already knew. Hector had become a Weendigo by promising to kill my family. How to cite Night Creature: Hunter’s Moon Chapter 27, Essay examples